BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Kongressen “Planteproduktion 2004” 13. og 14. januar 2004, Herning, DK Session 11,2 Indlæg 3 Brug af gødninger med nitrifikationshæmmeren DMPP (ENTEC ® ) (på engelsk) The use of fertilizers with the nitrification inhibitor DMPP Gregor Pasda 1 and Marcus Schwarz 2 1 BASF Aktiengesellschaft, BASF Agricultural Center Limburgerhof, D Limburgerhof, Germany 2 COMPO GmbH & Co KG, D Münster, Germany x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 1/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP N cycle x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 2/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Transformation of ammonium in the soil NITROBACTER 2 NO + O NO 3 - Nitrite Nitrate AmmoniumNitrite NITROSOMONAS 2 NO + 2 H O + 4 H NH + 3 O Nitrification inhibitor x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 3/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Description of the nitrification inhibitor DMPP DMPP retards the naturally occurring transformation of ammonium (NH 4 ) via nitrite into nitrate (NO 3 ) by selectively inhibiting the activity of nitrifying bacteria (Nitrosomonas) over a period of 4 to 10 weeks x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 4/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP; tradename ENTEC ® ) Structural formula N H3CH3C N H HC H 3 PO 4 CC CH 3 x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 5/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Effect of nitrification inhibitors on the content of residual NH 4 in the soil DMPP DCD weeks after incubation Residual NH 4, relative values (% of 8.7 mg NH 4 -N) *)Application rates converted from mg/100 g soil to kg/ha, applied N amount: 10.5/100 g soil x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 6/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Advantages of the use of fertilizers with the nitrification inhibitor DMPP  Reduction of the risk of nitrate leaching  Reduction of the risk of N 2 O emission  Partial ammonium nutrition of the fertilized plants  Frequently yield increases or savings of fertilizer N  Reduction of the number of fertilizer applications (simpler fertilizer application strategy)  Frequently improved crop quality (e.g. nitrate content of vegetables, leaf colour) x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 7/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Advantages of the use of fertilizers with the nitrification inhibitor DMPP  Reduction of the risk of nitrate leaching  Reduction of the risk of N 2 O emission  Partial ammonium nutrition of the fertilized plants  Frequently yield increases or savings of fertilizer N  Reduction of the number of fertilizer applications (simpler fertilizer application strategy)  Frequently improved crop quality (e.g. nitrate content of vegetables, leaf colour) x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 8/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Effect of different nitrification inhibitors on N leaching in a pot trial with spinach (Mitscherlich pots; Ruchheim soil 1) ; post emergence fertilizer application; approx. 20 mm supplementary irrigation per leaching) ASNASN + DCDASN + DMPP Leaching in % of total fertilizer N 21,7 16,1 7,6 DAT 7DAT 18DAT ) pH: 7.6, CEC 14 mEq 100 g soil -1, C t : 1.2 %, N t : 0.1 %, N application: 0.75 g N pot -1 x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 9/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP NO 3 -N freight in leachate (soil depth 140 cm) after application of fertilizers with nitrification inhibitors (Scheffer and Schäfer 2003; sandy soil) NO 3 -N-freightt, kg/ha N 1995/961996/971997/98mean mg NO 3 -N/l /991999/002000/012001/ x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 10/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Effect of DMPP on grain yield of winter wheat depending on annual precipitation (sum January - July) precipitation mm (range) sum January-July rel. grain yield (%, 100 % = ASN) x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 11/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Effect of DMPP on grain yield of winter wheat, depending on soil rating Soil rating (range) Main soil texture Yield level ASN (dt/ha) 30 – 45 sand 78,5 50 – 70 loam 81,8 71 – 100 clay 96,1 rel. grain yield (%, 100 % = ASN) x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 12/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Advantages of the use of fertilizers with the nitrification inhibitor DMPP  Reduction of the risk of nitrate leaching  Reduction of the risk of N 2 O emission  Partial ammonium nutrition of the fertilized plants  Frequently yield increases or savings of fertilizer N  Reduction of the number of fertilizer applications (simpler fertilizer application strategy)  Frequently improved crop quality (e.g. nitrate content of vegetables, leaf colour) x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 13/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Effect of DMPP on N 2 O emissions in a field trial (Weiske et al. 2000) g/ha N 2 O-N x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 14/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Advantages of the use of fertilizers with the nitrification inhibitor DMPP  Reduction of the risk of nitrate leaching  Reduction of the risk of N 2 O emission  Partial ammonium nutrition of the fertilized plants  Frequently yield increases or savings of fertilizer N  Reduction of the number of fertilizer applications (simpler fertilizer application strategy)  Frequently improved crop quality (e.g. nitrate content of vegetables, leaf colour) x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 15/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Ammonium nutrition of plants  acidifying the rhizosphere of roots: increased disponibility of Fe and Mn  increased phytohormone synthesis (Cytokinines, Gibberelines)  synthesis of polyamine (messenger molecules)  less energie consumption for N-adsorption by the roots  less energie consumption in N-metabolism in the plant Partly Ammonium nutrition of plant results in relation to nitrate nutrition in: x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 16/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Advantages of the use of fertilizers with the nitrification inhibitor DMPP  Reduction of the risk of nitrate leaching  Reduction of the risk of N 2 O emission  Partial ammonium nutrition of the fertilized plants  Frequently yield increases or savings of fertilizer N  Reduction of the number of fertilizer applications (simpler fertilizer application strategy)  Frequently improved crop quality (e.g. nitrate content of vegetables, leaf colour) x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 17/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Number of DMPP trials in Europe x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 18/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Effect of DMPP on the yield (in dt/ha) of various agricultural crops x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 19/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Effect of DMPP on yield of vegetables ( ; 100 % = marketable yield without DMPP) CROP suboptimal N yield rel. cauliflower salads broccoli cabbage bussel sprouts chinese cabbage kohlrabi leek celeriac carrots onions lamps lettuce smal radish radish spr.-spinach mean n = optimal N yield rel. *) *)1 round less *) x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 20/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Effect of DMPP on tuber yield of potatoes in Denmark (DAAC, 2003, n = 4) N (kg/ha) x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 21/ tuber yield (dt/ha)

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Advantages of the use of fertilizers with the nitrification inhibitor DMPP  Reduction of the risk of nitrate leaching  Reduction of the risk of N 2 O emission  Partial ammonium nutrition of the fertilized plants  Frequently yield increases or savings of fertilizer N  Reduction of the number of fertilizer applications (simpler fertilizer application strategy)  Frequently improved crop quality (e.g. nitrate content of vegetables, leaf colour) x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 22/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Nitrate content of harvested vegetables after application of fertilizers with DMPP ( ; mean of 2 N rates) 1)mean early year-autumn- and winterspinach x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 23/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Effect of DMPP on the leaf colour of lamb´s lettuce with DMPPwithout DMPP x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 24/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 25/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Brug af gødninger med nitrifikationshæmmeren DMPP (ENTEC ® ) Summary and Résumé DMPP retards the naturally occurring transformation of ammonium (NH 4 ) via nitrite into nitrate (NO 3 ) by selectively inhibiting the activity of nitrifying bacteria (Nitrosomonas) over a period of 4 to 10 weeks DMPP reduces the risk of N losses into the ground water and the atmosphere (  increased N fertilization efficiency) Together with the partial ammonium nutrient of the plants the better N fertilization efficiency results often in yield increases or savings of fertilizer N compared with standard fertilizers without DMPP In fertilization systems with DMPP the number of N fertilizer applications is generally reduced The quality of vegetables is often improved (e.g. lower nitrate content, dark green foliage, compact growth, homogeneous plant population) With a DMPP (ENTEC ® ) fertilization system farmers could combine ecological and economical benefits x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 26/

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Düngemittel CAD/DP Brug af gødninger med nitrifikationshæmmeren DMPP (ENTEC ® ) Many thanks for your attention! x:/groups/cad_d_gruppe/cad_dp/pasda/abbildungen/präsentationen/11,2,3, Brug af godninger med nitrifikationshaemmeren dmpp.ppt/ 27/