Self-Organizing Criticality

Definition of Innovation In an abstract, systems-theoretical approach, innovation can be understood as a critical event which destablizes the current state of the system, and results in a new process of self-organization leading to a new stable state - Pyka & Scharnhorst, 2009

Self-Organizing Criticality Is the attempt to explain the occurrence of complex phenomena

Self-Organizing Criticality A system is a group of components functioning as a whole (a system is a system) Single components in a system are governed by rules that dictate how the component interacts with others

Self-Organizing Criticality Systems in Balance are: Predictable States of equilibrium has stable, small disturbances in system with only local impact

Self-Organizing Criticality Systems in Chaos: Un-Predictable Boring?

Self-Organizing Criticality Systems at the Edge of Chaos: Emergent Complexity Complex Behaviour

Self-Organizing Criticality Self-Organizing Criticality can be considered as a characteristic state of criticality which is formed by self-organization in a long transient period at the border of stability and chaos

Self-Organizing Criticality Characteristics: Open dissipative systems The components in the system are governed by simple rules Thresholds exists within the system Pressure builds in the system until it exceeds threshold

Self-Organizing Criticality Power Law: Events in the system follow a simple power law

Self-Organizing Criticality

Most changes occurs through catastrophic event rather than a gradual change Punctuations, large catastrophic events that effect the entire system

Self-Organizing Criticality

Sand Pile Experiment: PileApplet/

Self-Organizing Criticality Transient/stable phase Progresses towards Critical phase - at which avalanches of all sizes and durations Critical state was robust - various initial states. Random, not random Measured events follow the simple Power Law

Self-Organizing Criticality

Other applications: Evolution Mass Extinction Stock Market Prices The Brain Innovation & Entrepreneurship

Self-Organizing Criticality Shortfalls Does not explain why or how things self- organize into the critical state Cannot mathematically prove that systems follow the power law Benefits Gives us a new way of looking at old problems

References P. Bak, How Nature Works. Springer -Verlag, NY, 1986 H.J.Jensen. Self-Organized Criticality – Emergent Complex Behavior in Physical and Biological Systems. Cambridge University Press, NY, 1998 T. Krink, R. Tomsen. Self-Organized Criticality and Mass Extinction in Evolutionary Algorithms. Proc. IEEE int. Conf, on Evolutionary Computing 2001: P.Bak, C. Tang, K. WiesenFeld. Self-Organized Criticality: An Explanation of 1/f Noise. Physical Review Letters. Volume 59, Number 4, July 1987

Self-Organizing Criticality Er innovation og entrepreneurship eksempler på selv-organiserende kritikalitet?

Innovation & Entrepreneurship In an abstract, systems-theoretical approach, innovation can be understood as a critical event which destablizes the current state of the system, and results in a new process of self-organization leading to a new stable state - Pyka & Scharnhorst, 2009

Innovation & Entrepreneurship - i Netværk Complex Adaptive Processes Complex Adaptive Processes Social Netværks Analyse Social Netværks Analyse Semantisk, Pragmatisk analyse (af narrativer, tegn at tænke med) Semantisk, Pragmatisk analyse (af narrativer, tegn at tænke med) Visualisering Visualisering

(1) Administrationsforståelse Administrationsforståelsen udgør den klassiske forståelse af en organisation og ledelse af organisationer. (2) Markedsforståelse Markedsforståelsen udgør organisationens markedsorientering og anvendelse. (3) Læringsforståelse Læring foregår i løst-koblede grupper/aktører med magt til at influere organisationer både positivt og negativt. Den kan foregå af både interne og -eksterne aktører, og er kendetegnet ved egne normer og regler, der ikke kan dikteres af organisationen. (4) Kompetenceforståelse Kernekompetence netværksforståelsen udgør organisationens orientering i forhold til og anvendelse af kernekompetencer, der bidrager til en (unik) position på markedet.

Complex Adaptive Processes In an abstract, systems-theoretical approach, innovation can be understood as a critical event which destablizes the current state of the system, and results in a new process of self-organization leading to a new stable state - Pyka & Scharnhorst, 2009