Learning Set 3 : Lesson 1 : Slide 1 Proteins Move Based on Size lactase tyrosinase

A B C LDL receptor Why did these LDL receptor proteins move farther down the columns? Learning Set 3 : Lesson 1 : Slide 2 Analyzing LDL receptor Normal LDL Receptors George’s LDL Receptors

Sequence of amino acids in LDL receptor protein: Learning Set 3 : Lesson 1 : Slide 3 What Is The Difference Here? Column A MGPWGWKLRWTVALLLAAAGTAVGDRCERNEFQCQDGKCISYKWVCDGSAECQDGSDESQETCLSVTCKSGDFSCGGRVNRCIPQF WRCDGQVDCDNGSDEQGCPPKTCSQDEFRCHDGKCISRQFVCDSDRDCLDGSDEASCPVLTCGPASFQCNSSTCIPQLWACDNDPDC EDGSDEWPQRCRGLYVFQGDSSPCSAFEFHCLSGECIHSSWRCDGGPDCKDKSDEENCAVATCRPDEFQCSDGNCIHGSRQCDREYDC KDMSDEVGCVNVTLCEGPNKFKCHSGECITLDKVCNMARDCRDWSDEPIKECGTNECLDNNGGCSHVCNDLKIGYECLCPDGFQLV AQRRCEDIDECQDPDTCSQLCVNLEGGYKCQCEEGFQLDPHTKACKAVGSIAYLFFTNRHEVRKMTLDRSEYTSLIPNLRNVVALDTE VASNRIYWSDLSQRMICSTQLDRAHGVSSYDTVISRDIQAPDGLAVDWIHSNIYWTDSVLGTVSVADTKGVKRKTLFRENGSKPRAIV VDPVHGFMYWTDWGTPAKIKKGGLNGVDIYSLVTENIQWPNGITLDLLSGRLYWVDSKLHSISSIDVNGGNRKTILEDEKRLAHPFSL AVFEDKVFWTDIINEAIFSANRLTGSDVNLLAENLLSPEDMVLFHNLTQPRGVNWCERTTLSNGGCQYLCLPAPQINPHSPKFTCACPD GMLLARDMRSCLTEAEAAVATQETSTVRLKVSSTAVRTQHTTTRPVPDTSRLPGATPGLTTVEIVTMSHQALGDVAGRGNEKKPSSVR ALSIVLPIVLLVFLCLGVFLLWKNWRLKNINSINFDNPVYQKTTEDEVHICHNQDGYSYPSRQMVSLEDDV Column B VCNDLKIGYECLCPDGFQLVAQRRCEDIDECQDPDTCSQLCVNLEGGYKCQCEEGFQLDPHTKACKAVGSIAYLFFTNRHEVRKMTL DRSEYTSLIPNLRNVVALDTEVASNRIYWSDLSQRMICSTQLDRAHGVSSYDTVISRDIQAPDGLAVDWIHSNIYWTDSVLGTVSVADT KGVKRKTLFRENGSKPRAIVVDPVHGFMYWTDWGTPAKIKKGGLNGVDIYSLVTENIQWPNGITLDLLSGRLYWVDSKLHSISSIDVN GGNRKTILEDEKRLAHPFSLAVFEDKVFWTDIINEAIFSANRLTGSDVNLLAENLLSPEDMVLFHNLTQPRGVNWCERTTLSNGGCQY LCLPAPQINPHSPKFTCACPDGMLLARDMRSCLTEAEAAVATQETSTVRLKVSSTAVRTQHTTTRPVPDTSRLPGATPGLTTVEIVTMSH QALGDVAGRGNEKKPSSVRALSIVLPIVLLVFLCLGVFLLWKNWRLKNINSINFDNPVYQKTTEDEVHICHNQDGYSYPSRQMVSLED DV Column C MGPWGWKLRWTVALLLAAAGTAVGDRCERNEFQCQDGKCISYKWVCDGSAECQDGSDESQETCLSVTCKSGDFSCGGRVNRCIPQF WRCDGQVDCDNGSDEQGCPPKTCSQDEFRCHDGKCISRQFVCDSDRDCLDGSDEASCPVLTCGPASFQCNSSTCIPQLWACDNDPDC EDGSDEWPQRCRGLYVFQGDSSPCSAFEFHCLSGECIHSSWRCDGGPDCKDKSDEENCAVATCRPDEFQCSDGNCIHGSRQCDREYDC KDMSDEVGCVNVTLCEGPNKFKCHSGECITLDKVCNMARDCRDWSDEPIKECGTNECLDNNGGCSHVCNDLKIGYECLCPDGFQLV AQRRCEDIDECQDPDTCSQLCVNLEGGYKCQCEEGFQLDPHTK

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 2 : Slide 4 DNA Location

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 2 : Slide 5 Chromosomes

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 6 Pieces to DNA Model 6 T (Orange) 6 A (Blue) 6 G (Green) 6 C (Yellow) 1 base (light brown) 12 spacers (transparent) 1 cap (white) 1 rod (grey) of alternating deoxyribose (red) and phosphate (purple ) 2 side chains composed

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 7 DNA Base Pairs Given DNAMatching DNA Strand T G G C G C T G T G

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 8 Pieces to LDL Receptor Protein DNA Model

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 9 Marshmallow Color Key Marshmallow ColorChemical Base OrangeThymine (T) PinkAdenine (A) GreenGuanine (G) YellowCytosine (C)

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 10 Step by Step Pictures Step #1:

Learning Set 3: Lesson 3: Slide 11 Step by Step Pictures (cont.) Step #2:

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 12 Step by Step Pictures (cont.) Step #3:

Chromosomes to DNA to Genes How small is small? Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 13

From DNA to Proteins Transcription -Translation Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 14

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 15 From DNA to Proteins 1 Transcription & Translation Overview

Symbols for Transcription - Translation Models Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 16

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 17 DNA vs. RNA DNARNA

DNA vs mRNA DNARNA Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 18

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 19 From DNA to Proteins 2 Transcription & Translation Interactive Modeling

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 20 Coding Amino Acids RNA amino acid

LDL Receptor Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 21

Where are our genes? Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 22

Location of LDL Receptor Gene Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 23

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 3 : Slide 24 LDL Receptor Gene Segment focused on in class

Marshmallow DNA Model Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 25 A C C G C G A C A C

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4: Slide 26 RNA Marshmallow Color Key Marshmallow ColorChemical Base WhiteUracil (U) PinkAdenine (A) GreenGuanine (G) YellowCytosine (C)

Learning Set 3 : Lesson 4 : Slide 27 Coding Amino Acids RNA amino acid

28 Reviewing George’s Symptoms Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) Fatty Deposit Coronary Artery: a heart artery Fatty Deposit Knees and Fingers Very high cholesterol in blood Waxy patches on the skin Chest pain and heart attacks at a young age Build up of fatty deposits on under skin and in arteries Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 28

George ’ s Family History Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 29 George Heart attack: 25y

30 Fatty Deposit Fatty Deposits In Coronary Artery Cross Section of Coronary Artery Fatty deposits made in artery wall, high blood pressure Arteries harden and narrow due to fat accumulation Blood flow is reduced Oxygen supply to heart reduced Can cause chest pain heart attack or death in severe cases Why George had a Heart Attack Normal Tear in artery wall Fatty deposits made in artery wall Narrowed artery blocked by blood clot Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 30

31 Estrogen Testosterone Bile Acids Cholesterol Cholesterol: Many Roles Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 31

32 nucleus cell inside cell outside cell Cholesterol in LDL LDL Receptor Plasma Membrane Takes LDL into cell cholesterol Low density lipoprotein (LDL) Receptor Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 32

LDL Receptor Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 33

34 Analyzing George ’ s LDL receptor A B C LDL receptor George ’ s LDL receptor Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5: Slide 34

35 Why did Rachel look at George ’ s DNA? One of George ’ s chromosomes, chromosome 19, had an arrow pointing at one spot on it. This arrow indicated something was different at this spot on chromosome 19. What does DNA have to do with the LDL receptor that causes FH disease? Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 35

36 Analyzing the Family ’ s DNA Learning Set 3 : Lesson 5 : Slide 36 George