Overskrift her Navn på oplægsholder Navn på KU- enhed For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod Governance and accountability Anders Esmark Department of Political Science 1.A few words on (good) governance 2.What sort of critical ambition? 3.Accountability with/out representation

Tekst starter uden punktopstilling For at få punkt- opstilling på teksten, brug forøg indrykning For at få venstre- stillet tekst uden punktopstilling, brug formindsk indrykning Overskrift her For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod 'Good' governance A political and administrative strategy for the conduct of public affairs Backed by OECD, World Bank, EU and pursued by most constitutional democracies Intimately related to governance research Includes: 1) public governance 2) public organization and organizational reform 3) a political agenda for public policies 2 Bukarest, May 2013

Tekst starter uden punktopstilling For at få punkt- opstilling på teksten, brug forøg indrykning For at få venstre- stillet tekst uden punktopstilling, brug formindsk indrykning Overskrift her For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod Governance as steering Governance technologies/instruments A specific tool or instrument establishing the basic relation between an object of regulation and relevant actors Examples: benchmarking, contracts, peer-review,’job plans’, Governance programs A specific procedure of standardized acts and decisions in a sequential relation Examples: performance budgetting, auditing, TQM, CAF, OMC etc. Governance rationality A specific type of discourse or semantics defining key problems, ’moral foundations’, epistemology and relevant forms of knowledge Examples: liberalism, justice, welfare, performance, competition Governance mediums Symbologically generalised medium, defining the basic functional orientation of communication, decisions and social relations Examples: soveriegnty, law, money, truth, faith 3 Bukarest, May 2013

Tekst starter uden punktopstilling For at få punkt- opstilling på teksten, brug forøg indrykning For at få venstre- stillet tekst uden punktopstilling, brug formindsk indrykning Overskrift her For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod Organization - in the shadow of what? A matter of organization – autonomy vs. dependence Hierarchy   Anarchy Networks Bureaucracy is more than hierarchy Markets are more than anarchy …and governance networks are more than networks Bukarest, May

Tekst starter uden punktopstilling For at få punkt- opstilling på teksten, brug forøg indrykning For at få venstre- stillet tekst uden punktopstilling, brug formindsk indrykning Overskrift her For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod Good governance as a political agenda Technocratic agenda (vs. ideological/party agenda) The liberalism issue (neo-liberalism, advanced liberalism) ’Wicked problems’ Public administration policy Praxis inside the constitutional framework NPM as ’kickstarter’ Structural competition policy Business cycles vs. structures Global market and competing states Enterprise, labor market, education, R&I, taxes Security policy Global risks Military and police Energy, climate, consumer, health, welfare 5 Bukarest, May 2013

Tekst starter uden punktopstilling For at få punkt- opstilling på teksten, brug forøg indrykning For at få venstre- stillet tekst uden punktopstilling, brug formindsk indrykning Overskrift her For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod State, market and civil society? ’State’’Market’’Civil society’? MediumSovereigntyMoneyLove? Faith? Truth? Learning? SystemThe political system The sytem of law The economical system Family, religion, science, eduation Potential gain (motive) AuthorityWealthComfort, trust, certainty, development SanctionsCorrectionLossExclusion, shame… ProgramsWar, diplomacy, voting, order and command CompetitionDivorce, preaching, confession, Bukarest, May

Tekst starter uden punktopstilling For at få punkt- opstilling på teksten, brug forøg indrykning For at få venstre- stillet tekst uden punktopstilling, brug formindsk indrykning Overskrift her For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod What kind of critical approach? Democratic evaluation Democratric theory Dimensions and indicators Top down vs. Bottom-up (rigid vs. interpretive) Problem: not very resistant to the appropriation of democratic vocabulary in good governance ’Critical attitude’ A ’theory’ of power-knowledge Historical studies Mapping the different relations between power and freedom Problem: few definite judgements – often trapped in power-resistance terminology 7 Bukarest, May 2013

Tekst starter uden punktopstilling For at få punkt- opstilling på teksten, brug forøg indrykning For at få venstre- stillet tekst uden punktopstilling, brug formindsk indrykning Overskrift her For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod Standard understanding of accountability ‘The means by which public agencies and their workers manage the diverse expectations generated within and outside the organization’ (Romzek and Dubnick 1998, 228) ‘…relate to multiple dyadic relationships between public agents and different “audiences” or “accountability forums”’ (Brandsma & Schillemans 2012, 3) Forms of accountability Bureaucratic Legal Professional Political The ’three step model’ of accountability Information Discussion Consequences 8 Bukarest, May 2013

The Accountability Cube. Brandsma G J, and Schillemans T J Public Adm Res Theory 2012;jopart.mus034 © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, Inc. All rights reserved. For permissions, please

Tekst starter uden punktopstilling For at få punkt- opstilling på teksten, brug forøg indrykning For at få venstre- stillet tekst uden punktopstilling, brug formindsk indrykning Overskrift her For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod Representing the ’significantly affected’ “ If we reject, as deliberative democracy suggests that we should, the view that representatives are accountable only to those who can vote for them, then we face a formidable challenge in determining who should count as the constituents to whom they owe an account” (Gutmann & Thompson 1996: 131). Constituting ’accountability forums’ through affectedness Operationalizing affectedness Legitimate exclusion From ’stakeholder’ to constituencies Individual constituencies Network constituencies Bukarest, May

Tekst starter uden punktopstilling For at få punkt- opstilling på teksten, brug forøg indrykning For at få venstre- stillet tekst uden punktopstilling, brug formindsk indrykning Overskrift her For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod Networks as publics “(…) deliberative democracy raises the stakes of democratic accountability. It requires more than do procedural and constitutional democracy. A deliberative principle of accountability asks representatives to do more than try to win re- election, and more than to respect constitutional rights. In a deliberative democracy representatives are expected to justify their actions in moral terms” (Gutmann & Thompson 1996: 129). The minimalist approach Procedures of documentation and openness = transparency The deliberative approach Communicative rationality, public reason Moral terms Authentic representative claims ‘The account’ as a medium of communication The role of the media Bukarest, May

Tekst starter uden punktopstilling For at få punkt- opstilling på teksten, brug forøg indrykning For at få venstre- stillet tekst uden punktopstilling, brug formindsk indrykning Overskrift her For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod Networks as forums for claims to representation The representative claim ‘A maker of representations (M) puts forward a subject (S) which stands for an object (O) which is related to a referent (R) and is offered to an audience (A)’ (2006, p.302). Network members as representatives ’how much representation is going on, politically (…) often in greatly varied ways, well beyond the narrow confines of electoral politics (important though that domain is) (Saward, 2006, p.306). The object of representation – position/role Referent – group/community Maker – speaker for oneself or someone else (subject) Audience – listernes, readers etc., but not participators Claims vs. Mandates! 12 Bukarest, May 2013

Tekst starter uden punktopstilling For at få punkt- opstilling på teksten, brug forøg indrykning For at få venstre- stillet tekst uden punktopstilling, brug formindsk indrykning Overskrift her For at ændre ”Enhedens navn” og ”Sted og dato”: Klik i menulinjen, vælg ”Indsæt” > ”Sidehoved / Sidefod”. Indføj ”Sted og dato” i feltet for dato og ”Enhedens navn” i Sidefod Sanctions “They recognize that, if someone is holding them accountable, two things can happen: When they do something good, nothing happens. But when they screw up, all hell can break loose. Those whom we want to hold accountable have a clear understanding of what accountability means: Accountability means punishment” (Behn 2001:3). Not enough punishment in networks? Mandates of the network vs. network members Performance targets Bridging input/throughput/output legitimacy? Sanctions…and by whom? Shutting down ’Firing’ network members Social measures – naming and shaming, Bukarest, May